How about the selection of materials for stainless steel ball stamping dies?
in the stretch stamping die, various metal materials and nonmetallic materials are used, there are mainly stainless steel, carbon steel, alloy steel, cast iron, cast steel, hard alloy, low melting point alloy, zinc-based alloy, aluminum bronze, synthetic resin, polyurethane rubber, plastic, laminated birch board, stamping board, etc. The materials used to manufacture molds require high hardness, high strength, high wear resistance, appropriate toughness, high hardenability, no deformation during heat treatment and no cracking during quenching. Reasonable selection of mold materials and implementation of correct heat treatment process are the keys to ensure the service life of the mold. For molds with different uses, comprehensive consideration should be given to factors such as their working conditions, stress conditions, performance of processed materials, production batch and productivity, and emphasis should be placed on various performances required above, then make the corresponding selection of steel grade and heat treatment process.
when the production batch of stainless steel ball punching plate is large, the materials of male die and female die of the working parts of the die shall be die steel with high quality and good wear resistance. For the parts and materials of other process structure parts and auxiliary structure parts of the mold, they should also be improved accordingly. When the batch size is not large, the requirements for material properties should be appropriately relaxed to reduce the cost. When the material to be stamped is hard or the deformation resistance is large, the convex and concave dies of the die should be made of materials with good wear resistance and high strength. When drawing stainless steel, aluminum bronze female die can be used because it has good adhesion resistance. However, the guide sleeve of the guide pillar requires wear resistance and good toughness, so low carbon steel surface is mostly carburized and quenched. Another example is that the main deficiency of carbon tool steel is poor hardenability. When the section size of die parts is large, the center hardness is still low after quenching. However, when working on a press bed with a large number of trips, it becomes an advantage due to its good impact resistance.
for fixed plate and unloading plate parts, not only must they have sufficient strength, but also require small deformation in the working process. In addition, cold treatment and cryogenic treatment, vacuum treatment and surface strengthening can also be used to improve the performance of mold parts. For cold extrusion dies with poor working conditions of convex and concave dies, die steels with sufficient hardness, strength, toughness, wear resistance and other comprehensive mechanical properties shall be selected, at the same time, it should have certain red hardness and thermal fatigue strength. In order to reduce the possibility of sticking tumor during drawing and improve the quality of the workpiece and the service life of the die, it is advisable to select a material that forms a friction pair with stainless steel to form a different name metal material, at the same time, the size and production batch of the deep drawing parts should be considered. For stainless steel parts with large drawing size, cast iron HT300, QT600-should be selected to save materials when the production batch is not large- As a convex and concave die material, special wear-resistant cast iron can also be used.
copper-based alloy is generally used as mold material for drawing small and medium-sized parts, such as aluminum bronze, aluminum iron bronze, phosphorus bronze, etc. For drawing small-sized stainless steel parts, hard alloy YG8 and YG15 can be selected as female dies and W18Cr4V as male dies. Practice has proved that it is not easy to form adhesive lumps at the rounded corners and inner walls of female dies during drawing. The use of silicon nitride ceramic mold for stainless steel drawing can obtain better results, because silicon nitride is a typical inorganic nonmetallic material, which is very different from stainless steel hollow spheres, but it has high hardness and strong wear resistance, plastic deformation will not occur, which can effectively overcome the adhesion between the mold and the workpiece and significantly improve the service life of the mold.
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