Forming Technology of stainless steel hollow sphere closed sphere and its application!
large spherical tanks, stainless steel hollow balls and architectural decorative balls are typical large closed shells, which have the advantages of uniform stress, high pressure bearing, low material consumption, light weight and beautiful appearance, it is widely used in petroleum, chemical industry, metallurgy, liquefied gas storage, papermaking and construction industries. With the vigorous development of China's economic construction, the demand for large steel spherical containers is gradually increasing. The traditional ball building technology is to assemble and weld the molded ball flaps, and its process determines that the ball building technology has the following problems: various processes, low forming precision, and inevitable wrinkling in the molding process, it is difficult to weld double curvature shells and the manufacturing cycle is long; First formed, then welded, welding deformation remains on the product, can not be eliminated; The Assembly precision is difficult to guarantee, and the on-site forced assembly welding affects the welding quality and shape; Large presses and large molds are required, and the manufacturing cost is high, which is not suitable for product change.
due to the limitations of traditional manufacturing technology, its technical and economic indicators are: the ratio of small thickness to diameter (T/D) It is only 8/1000 and cannot produce an ultra-thin spherical shell less than or equal to 1/1000; It is difficult to manufacture containers with varying curvature such as ellipsoids, because the lobes with different curvature will need different molds for molding, and the cost will increase dramatically. The internal pressure forming technology of large closed shell breaks through the limitation of traditional manufacturing technology and gets rid of the dependence on large Press and large die. Its main processes are: blanking-Curved roll-Assembly welding-Hydraulic bulging.
The application of this technology can not only realize the manufacture of large spherical containers without dies and presses, but also realize the manufacture of ultra-thin spherical containers, therefore, it is also suitable for manufacturing various architectural decorative spheres and artistic modeling spheres. In addition, due to the beautiful appearance and good stability of ellipsoid shells, they are often used as decorations on communication transmission towers, and pipeline elbows are also widely used in petrochemical and water conservancy construction industries. In recent years, internal pressure forming technology has opened up a new way for the manufacture of ellipsoid and other variable curvature shells and pipeline elbows. The internal pressure forming technology of large closed shell solves the following key problems: CAD technology and thickness control technology of shell and flap before bulging of spherical shell; Calculation of forming pressure, numerical simulation of bulging process and defect prediction; Prevention measures for cracking of welded joints in internal pressure forming process, design of new welded joints and new welding processes.
The Ball making method is changed from the previous die pressing flap to applying forming load by using self-balanced liquid pressure in the closed shell to realize forming without die and press. The 'first forming and then welding' of the traditional ball making process is changed to 'first welding and then forming', thus avoiding the difficulties of large ball flap group welding and the defects of deformation after welding. In the concept of container manufacturing, it is proposed that a small amount of plastic deformation after welding is conducive to improving the strength of the container, which breaks through the traditional concept that the pressure vessel cannot undergo plastic deformation after welding. Change the traditional process by part of the spherical surface (Flap) The idea of combining a whole spherical shell, using a multi-faceted shell close to the spherical shell (Non-spherical shell) In the process of increasing pressure, it gradually approaches the spherical shell, that is, the idea of forming a whole ball from a non-spherical shell.
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